1
00:00:00,480 --> 00:00:04,400
test five you will hear a number of
different recordings
2
00:00:04,400 --> 00:00:07,629
and you'll have to answer questions on
what you hear
3
00:00:07,629 --> 00:00:11,99
there will be time for you to read the
instructions
4
00:00:11,99 --> 00:00:15,389
and questions and you'll have a chance
to check your work
5
00:00:15,389 --> 00:00:18,779
all the recordings will be played once
only
6
00:00:18,779 --> 00:00:21,810
the test is in four sections
7
00:00:21,810 --> 00:00:26,519
at the end of the test you will be given
10 minutes to transfer your answers
8
00:00:26,519 --> 00:00:32,920
to answer sheet now turn to section 1
9
00:00:32,920 --> 00:00:37,300
section 1 you will hear a conversation
between a house in agent
10
00:00:37,300 --> 00:00:42,690
and a college student who wants to rent
a house first you have some time to look
11
00:00:42,690 --> 00:00:49,690
at questions 124
12
00:01:03,420 --> 00:01:07,60
you will see that there is an example
which has been done for you
13
00:01:07,60 --> 00:01:11,520
on this occasion only the conversation
relating to this
14
00:01:11,520 --> 00:01:15,810
will be played first
15
00:01:15,810 --> 00:01:19,850
good afternoon and welcome to habitat
hunted you must be Joseph
16
00:01:19,850 --> 00:01:23,369
yes that's right you said on the phone
like to come by it
17
00:01:23,369 --> 00:01:26,440
2 o'clock story I'm a little early now
18
00:01:26,440 --> 00:01:30,950
no problem at all in Calgary's market
you have to move fast if you want to get
19
00:01:30,950 --> 00:01:31,750
apartment
20
00:01:31,750 --> 00:01:37,500
actually YTL almost anything I've been
here 10 days in the hotel is ruining me
21
00:01:37,500 --> 00:01:41,790
my father has been on a strict budget
sit right down here now for
22
00:01:41,790 --> 00:01:45,210
let's talk a little about the places
before we go have a look
23
00:01:45,210 --> 00:01:48,500
now we have four apartments available
okay
24
00:01:48,500 --> 00:01:51,530
could you tell me more about those for
apartments
25
00:01:51,530 --> 00:01:54,539
Shaw the first one is on B toll road
26
00:01:54,539 --> 00:01:58,500
just a block off campus it's a three
bedroom with the bathroom and the living
27
00:01:58,500 --> 00:01:59,50
room
28
00:01:59,50 --> 00:02:04,320
and a great Italian restaurant right
next to it
29
00:02:04,320 --> 00:02:08,609
the agent says that the first apartment
is a three bedroom apartment
30
00:02:08,610 --> 00:02:11,840
with the great Italian restaurant right
next to it
31
00:02:11,840 --> 00:02:15,319
so restaurant has been written in the
space
32
00:02:15,319 --> 00:02:19,739
now we shall begin you should on so the
questions as you listen
33
00:02:19,740 --> 00:02:23,90
because you will not hear the recording
a second time
34
00:02:23,90 --> 00:02:26,360
listen carefully and answer questions
one
35
00:02:26,360 --> 00:02:30,450
24
36
00:02:30,450 --> 00:02:33,149
good afternoon and welcome to habitat
hunters
37
00:02:33,150 --> 00:02:37,689
you must be Joseph yes that's right you
said on the phone that I could come by
38
00:02:37,689 --> 00:02:38,10
it
39
00:02:38,10 --> 00:02:41,78
2 o'clock sorry I'm a little early now
40
00:02:41,79 --> 00:02:45,590
no problem at all in Calgary's market
you have to move fast if you want to get
41
00:02:45,590 --> 00:02:46,379
apartment
42
00:02:46,379 --> 00:02:52,140
actually YTL almost anything I've been
here 10 days in the hotel is ruining me
43
00:02:52,140 --> 00:02:56,40
my father has been on a strict budget
sit right down here now
44
00:02:56,40 --> 00:02:59,840
to let's talk a little about the places
before we go have a look
45
00:02:59,840 --> 00:03:03,139
now we have four apartments available
okay
46
00:03:03,139 --> 00:03:06,180
could you tell me more about those for
apartments
47
00:03:06,180 --> 00:03:10,590
Shaw the first one is on B toll road
just a block off campus
48
00:03:10,590 --> 00:03:13,700
it's a three bedroom with the bathroom
and the living room
49
00:03:13,700 --> 00:03:17,578
and a great Italian restaurant right
next to it how much
50
00:03:17,579 --> 00:03:21,220
well in its 435 dollars a month
51
00:03:21,220 --> 00:03:25,260
including internet and utilities okay
that sounds reasonable
52
00:03:25,260 --> 00:03:29,519
any drawbacks to the house there's a
really big garden but it hasn't been
53
00:03:29,519 --> 00:03:31,220
taking care of over the years
54
00:03:31,220 --> 00:03:34,389
and is just too big to clean up nicely
55
00:03:34,389 --> 00:03:37,840
hmm that sound okay tell about the next
option
56
00:03:37,840 --> 00:03:42,489
the other three bedroom apartment is on
ok ington Avenue on campus
57
00:03:42,489 --> 00:03:46,799
it is right near the building where you
have classes and the kitchen and living
58
00:03:46,799 --> 00:03:47,940
room a newly furnished
59
00:03:47,940 --> 00:03:51,359
while that sounds like a pretty good
option well
60
00:03:51,359 --> 00:03:55,139
is a cool apartment but since it's a
dormitory the living room bathroom
61
00:03:55,139 --> 00:03:58,49
kitchen and washing machine all shared
62
00:03:58,49 --> 00:04:01,370
it would be nice not to have to buy a
living room furniture though
63
00:04:01,370 --> 00:04:05,720
how much as this one four hundred
dollars per month for a bedroom with an
64
00:04:05,720 --> 00:04:06,690
air conditioner
65
00:04:06,690 --> 00:04:10,220
for a bedroom without an air conditioner
you would pay less
66
00:04:10,220 --> 00:04:13,370
three hundred and forty dollars for it
likes
67
00:04:13,370 --> 00:04:16,449
even with the air conditioner sounds
really inconvenient
68
00:04:16,449 --> 00:04:20,699
had to shared facilities I'll never cook
if I have to walk down the hall to use
69
00:04:20,699 --> 00:04:21,400
the kitchen
70
00:04:21,399 --> 00:04:26,70
yeah that's true
71
00:04:26,70 --> 00:04:29,950
before you hear the rest of the
conversation you have some time
72
00:04:29,950 --> 00:04:36,950
to look at questions five to 10
73
00:05:02,710 --> 00:05:09,460
now listen and answer questions five to
10
74
00:05:09,460 --> 00:05:13,000
anyway the next place is a two bedroom
on main street
75
00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:16,150
all I like meat Street that off campus
right
76
00:05:16,150 --> 00:05:19,460
yep it's pretty cool but it only has two
bedrooms
77
00:05:19,460 --> 00:05:24,430
plus living room and a study but I want
to live together with my two friends
78
00:05:24,430 --> 00:05:27,639
so you could make the study into a small
bedroom
79
00:05:27,639 --> 00:05:31,669
if you end up living with them also we
guys want a TB
80
00:05:31,669 --> 00:05:34,760
and DVD player since we're all so much
into movies
81
00:05:34,760 --> 00:05:39,430
well this place has a great TV and VCR
up but no DVD player
82
00:05:39,430 --> 00:05:43,710
no DVD and so weird a universal it is
provided
83
00:05:43,710 --> 00:05:47,820
as you said with enough it also comes to
the wash basin
84
00:05:47,820 --> 00:05:52,639
is there a washing machine I think we
need that more than just the wash basin
85
00:05:52,639 --> 00:05:55,680
I'm afraid there's no washing machine in
the apartment
86
00:05:55,680 --> 00:06:00,930
while so old-fashioned maybe it's not
the best choice for three college guys
87
00:06:00,930 --> 00:06:04,550
how much is it well its six hundred
dollars per month
88
00:06:04,550 --> 00:06:08,300
but of course it would be cheaper if you
made it into three bedrooms instead of
89
00:06:08,300 --> 00:06:08,770
two
90
00:06:08,770 --> 00:06:14,630
Murray the pub located its 2500 Meade
Street where there are a lot of us
91
00:06:14,630 --> 00:06:17,690
it would be affordable but to get pretty
noisy
92
00:06:17,690 --> 00:06:21,240
and that sounds really expensive rental
place in a noisy area
93
00:06:21,240 --> 00:06:25,860
how about the last place this one's on
campus in the Devon close complex
94
00:06:25,860 --> 00:06:29,780
it's a one bedroom so it will be a
little quieter than the meats to replace
95
00:06:29,780 --> 00:06:33,440
one bedroom haha that could be good for
focusing on my studies
96
00:06:33,440 --> 00:06:36,719
well to have it comes to the living room
and a study
97
00:06:36,720 --> 00:06:40,500
and includes a really nice lamp in the
study that has a bunch of different
98
00:06:40,500 --> 00:06:41,229
settings
99
00:06:41,229 --> 00:06:44,880
you know what else is cool there's a
dining hall downstairs so
100
00:06:44,880 --> 00:06:48,360
all evening meals for free you can
purchase breakfast and lunch
101
00:06:48,360 --> 00:06:52,840
but meals after 6 p.m. a free while this
place sounds too good to be true
102
00:06:52,840 --> 00:06:56,859
is it really expensive it's alright five
hundred dollars per month
103
00:06:56,860 --> 00:07:00,220
but there's no bathroom what the
bathroom
104
00:07:00,220 --> 00:07:03,919
well there's no bathroom in the
apartment but there's one at the end of
105
00:07:03,919 --> 00:07:04,510
the whole
106
00:07:04,510 --> 00:07:09,620
mmm thanks I think now I just have to
decide what I want to live alone or not
107
00:07:09,620 --> 00:07:13,229
you know which one do you prefer I think
I choose to be this apartment
108
00:07:13,229 --> 00:07:17,390
or the one on people rode okay you'd
better think about it
109
00:07:17,390 --> 00:07:20,469
and then you can contact me ASAP fine
110
00:07:20,470 --> 00:07:24,580
thanks for your help you're welcome
111
00:07:24,580 --> 00:07:28,880
that is the end of section one you now
have half a minute
112
00:07:28,880 --> 00:07:35,880
to check your answers
113
00:08:01,389 --> 00:08:07,630
now turn to section two
114
00:08:07,630 --> 00:08:09,510
section 2
115
00:08:09,510 --> 00:08:12,800
you'll hear a talk about the waste
collection in Baltimore
116
00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:19,800
first you have some time to look at
questions 11 to 15
117
00:08:41,909 --> 00:08:44,850
now listen carefully and answer
questions
118
00:08:44,850 --> 00:08:49,820
11 215
119
00:08:49,820 --> 00:08:53,790
hi folks my name is a writer Johnston
and I am here from the Baltimore
120
00:08:53,790 --> 00:08:55,449
Department of Public waste
121
00:08:55,450 --> 00:08:58,870
thank you for coming out to a community
meeting tonight
122
00:08:58,870 --> 00:09:02,800
I've got a few words to say about the
waste collection here in Baltimore
123
00:09:02,800 --> 00:09:06,680
first there's the sorted collection bins
themselves
124
00:09:06,680 --> 00:09:11,699
they're made of sturdy solid material so
none of your trash can seep out open to
125
00:09:11,700 --> 00:09:12,360
the bin
126
00:09:12,360 --> 00:09:17,420
also since these things sit out on the
curb overnight to rain or shine
127
00:09:17,420 --> 00:09:21,660
they have to be waterproof week on
topwater getting up in it and filling up
128
00:09:21,660 --> 00:09:22,319
the been
129
00:09:22,320 --> 00:09:25,960
remember to pay attention to which been
is which
130
00:09:25,960 --> 00:09:30,160
and sort your waist accordingly you
should have a blue or green bin for
131
00:09:30,160 --> 00:09:31,530
recyclable garbage
132
00:09:31,530 --> 00:09:36,150
a yellow been on recyclable garbage and
a red pin for toxic waste
133
00:09:36,150 --> 00:09:40,540
our citywide waste management is divided
into two services
134
00:09:40,540 --> 00:09:45,380
the first is commercial waste collection
or trash collection from buildings
135
00:09:45,380 --> 00:09:50,340
the majority of building waste is paper
which goes in the bill a green bins
136
00:09:50,340 --> 00:09:54,610
you'll notice in your office buildings
there are signs that warn you not to
137
00:09:54,610 --> 00:09:56,80
overfill these bins
138
00:09:56,80 --> 00:09:59,530
all that paper adds up and an
overflowing been it
139
00:09:59,530 --> 00:10:03,79
infinitely harder for collectors to
carry to the truck and MT
140
00:10:03,80 --> 00:10:07,820
aside from paper another large sausage
building wasted metals
141
00:10:07,820 --> 00:10:12,580
metal such as tea now you mean him
commit put in the yellow recycle bins
142
00:10:12,580 --> 00:10:15,970
but metals like lead and copper should
be disposed of
143
00:10:15,970 --> 00:10:20,250
in the red bins these heavy metals the
harmful to the environment
144
00:10:20,250 --> 00:10:23,450
and exacerbate our city's existing
pollution problem
145
00:10:23,450 --> 00:10:27,570
knots about all the information you need
for building waste
146
00:10:27,570 --> 00:10:32,410
moving on to the second service
household waste collection is probably
147
00:10:32,410 --> 00:10:34,120
what he primarily think of
148
00:10:34,120 --> 00:10:38,690
when you think of what we do here many
of the same guidelines apply
149
00:10:38,690 --> 00:10:43,600
the sorting is the famous Setra please
remember to keep garbage like kitchen
150
00:10:43,600 --> 00:10:45,100
waste in a plastic bag
151
00:10:45,100 --> 00:10:48,570
it makes collection easier and lessens
the abominable
152
00:10:48,570 --> 00:10:52,910
rotten trash smell
153
00:10:52,910 --> 00:10:57,410
before you hear the rest have the talk
you have some time to look at question
154
00:10:57,410 --> 00:11:04,410
16 to 20
155
00:11:19,750 --> 00:11:26,750
now listen and answer questions 16 to 20
156
00:11:27,100 --> 00:11:30,730
so after we take our trash away what
happens to it
157
00:11:30,730 --> 00:11:36,220
we take all the garbage to one of a
number of copies disposal plants each of
158
00:11:36,220 --> 00:11:36,670
which
159
00:11:36,670 --> 00:11:39,839
is located in the middle of an open
space have some sought
160
00:11:39,840 --> 00:11:43,700
no one wants to have their home or
office right next door to a waste
161
00:11:43,700 --> 00:11:44,950
disposal pawn right
162
00:11:44,950 --> 00:11:49,590
waste is collected and then disposed of
once every four weeks
163
00:11:49,590 --> 00:11:54,460
a lot of trash can build up in that time
so we're in the process of developing a
164
00:11:54,460 --> 00:11:56,920
plan to fund collection more frequently
165
00:11:56,920 --> 00:12:01,890
ideally it would be collected weekly but
we will likely have to settle for
166
00:12:01,890 --> 00:12:02,800
biweekly
167
00:12:02,800 --> 00:12:06,819
the garbage trucks make their rounds to
clear the pins at night
168
00:12:06,820 --> 00:12:11,200
in order to avoid traffic I'm sure
you've seen how much waste your own
169
00:12:11,200 --> 00:12:13,260
household produces in a given week
170
00:12:13,260 --> 00:12:16,410
now imagine all the trash produced by
171
00:12:16,410 --> 00:12:19,410
all the households in Baltimore it's a
lot right
172
00:12:19,410 --> 00:12:24,10
it may surprise you that this amount is
only marginal compared to commercial
173
00:12:24,10 --> 00:12:24,860
waste
174
00:12:24,860 --> 00:12:28,500
yep the main ways produces actually
businesses
175
00:12:28,500 --> 00:12:31,860
industrial facilities retail and office
is
176
00:12:31,860 --> 00:12:35,340
hard to believe humans produce that much
waste right
177
00:12:35,340 --> 00:12:39,30
no wonder we have pollution problems
anyway
178
00:12:39,30 --> 00:12:44,310
after all incoming ways distorted
recyclables offend to a recycling plant
179
00:12:44,310 --> 00:12:49,30
well Coppage and toxic waste transported
to their respective areas and the pot
180
00:12:49,30 --> 00:12:49,880
for treatment
181
00:12:49,880 --> 00:12:54,410
items such as stones which should not be
disposed of in our bins
182
00:12:54,410 --> 00:12:58,910
are separated out and discarded once the
trash has undergone the treatment
183
00:12:58,910 --> 00:12:59,800
process
184
00:12:59,800 --> 00:13:03,459
it is compacted and disposed of with all
the other trash
185
00:13:03,460 --> 00:13:08,170
and finally when the landfill space is
full it is buried deep underground
186
00:13:08,170 --> 00:13:12,579
and in time something new is built on
the land that everything about waste
187
00:13:12,580 --> 00:13:13,330
collection
188
00:13:13,330 --> 00:13:19,139
thank you for listening are there any
questions
189
00:13:19,139 --> 00:13:23,230
that is the end of Section two you now
have half a minute
190
00:13:23,230 --> 00:13:30,230
to check your answers
191
00:13:55,530 --> 00:14:01,529
now turned to section 3 section 3
192
00:14:01,529 --> 00:14:06,500
you will hear a student called Julie
talking to her classmate named Ricky
193
00:14:06,500 --> 00:14:10,110
about in USA the professor johnson
assigned
194
00:14:10,110 --> 00:14:14,450
first you have some time to look at
questions 21
195
00:14:14,450 --> 00:14:21,450
224
196
00:14:38,410 --> 00:14:42,329
now listen carefully and answer
questions 21
197
00:14:42,329 --> 00:14:46,250
224
198
00:14:46,250 --> 00:14:47,130
range yearly
199
00:14:47,130 --> 00:14:52,270
Ricky hi Ricky how are you I noticed you
weren't in Psychology Today
200
00:14:52,270 --> 00:14:56,189
I'm feeling sick so I didn't go to
school today which one telling me what I
201
00:14:56,190 --> 00:14:57,210
missed in class of
202
00:14:57,210 --> 00:15:00,300
sure thing I'm sorry not feeling well
203
00:15:00,300 --> 00:15:04,560
anyway we spent most of the class
talking about a new FA that professor
204
00:15:04,560 --> 00:15:05,670
johnson to find
205
00:15:05,670 --> 00:15:09,550
you need to choose one of the ball
heading from the no system in research
206
00:15:09,550 --> 00:15:09,949
it
207
00:15:09,950 --> 00:15:13,830
while I picked the wrong day to miss
Clough
208
00:15:13,830 --> 00:15:16,850
you show a dead could you tell me the
209
00:15:16,850 --> 00:15:19,850
specific requirements this paper show up
210
00:15:19,850 --> 00:15:23,990
you need to find scientific research
that supports your claim
211
00:15:23,990 --> 00:15:28,790
as one of your references a combi from
sum up the case studies we discussed in
212
00:15:28,790 --> 00:15:29,380
class
213
00:15:29,380 --> 00:15:32,570
or you can find your own or even better
214
00:15:32,570 --> 00:15:36,710
you can conduct your own research I'm
sure that would get your day
215
00:15:36,710 --> 00:15:40,300
have you decided what your going to do
yet
216
00:15:40,300 --> 00:15:45,150
also where you're getting your
references yeah I'm gonna research
217
00:15:45,150 --> 00:15:46,860
facial recognition by
218
00:15:46,860 --> 00:15:51,780
infants I've already found a few
experiments in scientific journals
219
00:15:51,780 --> 00:15:56,60
that would probably be a good start for
you there are tons of journals in the
220
00:15:56,60 --> 00:15:56,680
library
221
00:15:56,680 --> 00:16:00,939
great idea thanks I'm considering
writing my essay on the effective
222
00:16:00,940 --> 00:16:05,430
one other psychotropic drugs we talked
about in class of I'm sure there's lotsa
223
00:16:05,430 --> 00:16:06,890
stuff about on the internet
224
00:16:06,890 --> 00:16:10,760
only allowed to use information from the
Internet saw
225
00:16:10,760 --> 00:16:14,400
you can use that as long as it's not
your main source for information
226
00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:18,189
you'll probably want to cite some of the
experiments we went over
227
00:16:18,190 --> 00:16:22,780
good idea thanks I'm gonna try to find
some information for a bunch different
228
00:16:22,780 --> 00:16:25,470
sources
229
00:16:25,470 --> 00:16:30,50
before you hear the rest have the talk
you have some time to look at questions
230
00:16:30,50 --> 00:16:37,50
25 to 30
231
00:16:58,000 --> 00:17:04,740
now listen and answer questions 25 to 30
232
00:17:04,740 --> 00:17:06,000
other
233
00:17:06,000 --> 00:17:09,740
cations or felt yes they should be
written yeah
234
00:17:09,740 --> 00:17:14,740
professor johnson wants it double spaced
it should be between six to ten pages
235
00:17:14,740 --> 00:17:15,300
long
236
00:17:15,300 --> 00:17:19,240
six to 10 pages but so much
237
00:17:19,240 --> 00:17:22,670
ok gonna take forever I know
238
00:17:22,670 --> 00:17:26,819
the Hoke of Corona and when he said that
anyway
239
00:17:26,819 --> 00:17:30,120
you also need to put the title in
italics in what way
240
00:17:30,120 --> 00:17:33,419
each section heading or just the main
heading
241
00:17:33,420 --> 00:17:38,60
only the main headings should be in
italics I think section titles were
242
00:17:38,60 --> 00:17:39,870
supposed to be in the same format
243
00:17:39,870 --> 00:17:43,850
but maybe in bold you'll have to take
that ink off next time
244
00:17:43,850 --> 00:17:47,800
0 okay so I take it the report has to be
typed
245
00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:52,60
sensor so many requirements what are the
other formatting requirements
246
00:17:52,60 --> 00:17:56,909
yep it's got to be typed aside from that
there are still a few more
247
00:17:56,910 --> 00:17:58,150
specifications
248
00:17:58,150 --> 00:18:03,410
you should number each page make sure it
goes up in the top right corner
249
00:18:03,410 --> 00:18:06,790
okay I'll make sure to write that down
250
00:18:06,790 --> 00:18:11,690
with forget to number pages do we need
to title and date
251
00:18:11,690 --> 00:18:15,670
each page 2 you need the shortened title
on every page
252
00:18:15,670 --> 00:18:19,790
but no need to include the date that
should just be on the cover page
253
00:18:19,790 --> 00:18:23,440
okay thanks no problem also
254
00:18:23,440 --> 00:18:27,580
make sure the margins a 3.25 pixels wide
255
00:18:27,580 --> 00:18:29,149
well
256
00:18:29,150 --> 00:18:32,850
completeness or how to do that Heights
okay I can show you
257
00:18:32,850 --> 00:18:36,860
it's really easy i think thats all the
directions he gave us
258
00:18:36,860 --> 00:18:41,689
a lot of formatting requirements but we
have the freedom to research many things
259
00:18:41,690 --> 00:18:42,530
that we like
260
00:18:42,530 --> 00:18:45,928
so that's good all I almost forgot
261
00:18:45,929 --> 00:18:49,170
remember to put down your ID number on
your report
262
00:18:49,170 --> 00:18:52,960
thanks so much for your help of the ring
close Monday
263
00:18:52,960 --> 00:18:58,870
no problem glad I could help see you
later
264
00:18:58,870 --> 00:19:05,870
that is the end of Section three you now
have hoffa minutes to check your answers
265
00:19:34,440 --> 00:19:36,150
now turned to section 4
266
00:19:36,150 --> 00:19:37,539
or
267
00:19:37,539 --> 00:19:39,379
section 4
268
00:19:39,380 --> 00:19:44,380
you will hear a lecture on environmental
science first you have some time to look
269
00:19:44,380 --> 00:19:51,380
at questions 31 to 40
270
00:20:26,350 --> 00:20:32,770
now listen carefully and answer
questions 31 to 40
271
00:20:32,770 --> 00:20:36,750
good morning and welcome to yet another
lecture and environmental science
272
00:20:36,750 --> 00:20:41,220
I don't think I'm telling you a secret
when I mention that water is a big worry
273
00:20:41,220 --> 00:20:42,500
here in Australia
274
00:20:42,500 --> 00:20:47,179
the stuff is scarce perhaps that's why
we doing so much beer
275
00:20:47,179 --> 00:20:51,780
a seriously though a safe and reliable
source of water is one of the great
276
00:20:51,780 --> 00:20:53,418
concerns a people everywhere
277
00:20:53,419 --> 00:20:57,30
moreover the world population grows
278
00:20:57,30 --> 00:21:00,780
the pressure on existing water supplies
grows greater and greater
279
00:21:00,780 --> 00:21:04,960
think about it our economic system
demands
280
00:21:04,960 --> 00:21:09,600
but there be more and more consumers the
growing number of people has been tied
281
00:21:09,600 --> 00:21:10,730
to climate change
282
00:21:10,730 --> 00:21:14,90
including droughts so more people means
283
00:21:14,90 --> 00:21:18,689
less wat up but our economic system
demands a high birthrate
284
00:21:18,690 --> 00:21:22,419
forget about oil soon enough you'll see
walls
285
00:21:22,419 --> 00:21:29,40
food water mark my words but today I'm
going to confine my remarks to Australia
286
00:21:29,40 --> 00:21:33,980
as noted already here down under the
water supplies extremely scary ass
287
00:21:33,980 --> 00:21:39,90
the only dry continent isn't arts ago
and remember no one really lives there
288
00:21:39,90 --> 00:21:43,449
anyway moreover in recent years the wind
patterns have changed
289
00:21:43,450 --> 00:21:48,250
rain the used to fall on the country now
falls out to see hundreds of miles to
290
00:21:48,250 --> 00:21:50,10
the south
291
00:21:50,10 --> 00:21:54,350
now when I speak if people needing water
most if you probably think I'm drinking
292
00:21:54,350 --> 00:21:59,120
certainly everyone needs water for
drinking but surprising as it may sound
293
00:21:59,120 --> 00:22:02,489
drinking is not anywhere near being the
main use
294
00:22:02,490 --> 00:22:06,390
for water most water is actually used
for washing
295
00:22:06,390 --> 00:22:10,679
when you take a shower you probably use
in well over a hundred liters of water
296
00:22:10,679 --> 00:22:14,419
every time you flush a toilet that's
about eight liters
297
00:22:14,419 --> 00:22:18,330
but most people drink no more than two
liters or so per day
298
00:22:18,330 --> 00:22:23,399
same way to get wassup it could be
obtained from rainwater
299
00:22:23,399 --> 00:22:27,610
but often rainfall consists of other
harmful pollutants that evaporated with
300
00:22:27,610 --> 00:22:28,360
the water
301
00:22:28,360 --> 00:22:32,199
in fact acid rain an intense example of
this
302
00:22:32,200 --> 00:22:36,250
causes harmful effects on the wildlife
for the habitat on which it falls
303
00:22:36,250 --> 00:22:40,240
water from underground could also be
used though it is more difficult to
304
00:22:40,240 --> 00:22:41,59
contain
305
00:22:41,59 --> 00:22:44,90
and off to moscow through an extensive
cleansing process
306
00:22:44,90 --> 00:22:47,699
the purest water is found in rivers
creeks
307
00:22:47,700 --> 00:22:51,350
legs and dams and sad to say
308
00:22:51,350 --> 00:22:54,699
Australia has precious few these really
309
00:22:54,700 --> 00:22:59,440
how many have you home towns have rivers
year-round rivers I mean
310
00:22:59,440 --> 00:23:03,570
the soil tends to be sandy so water
soaks into the ground
311
00:23:03,570 --> 00:23:09,200
many places a rocky to so 87 percent at
the rainfall is lost to evaporation
312
00:23:09,200 --> 00:23:12,809
that's almost twice the evaporation rate
in my native Canada
313
00:23:12,809 --> 00:23:17,440
speaking a brain we already heard her
rainfall is diminishing here
314
00:23:17,440 --> 00:23:21,429
initially on a the quantity itself isn't
the only problem
315
00:23:21,429 --> 00:23:25,240
either going back to the problems with
obtaining rainwater
316
00:23:25,240 --> 00:23:28,809
for the problem is that brain is a
useful source of water
317
00:23:28,809 --> 00:23:32,379
only air pollution is fairly mild a gain
318
00:23:32,380 --> 00:23:36,799
you in a situation where you can win you
need water where most people live
319
00:23:36,799 --> 00:23:39,929
people tend to build cities where
rainfall is adequate
320
00:23:39,929 --> 00:23:43,10
but then modern cities tend to feature
polluted air
321
00:23:43,10 --> 00:23:46,850
which renders the rain far less easily
usable okay
322
00:23:46,850 --> 00:23:50,428
let's take a look at the table here
you'll see it showing the relative
323
00:23:50,429 --> 00:23:53,100
pollution rainfall in the World Cities
324
00:23:53,100 --> 00:23:58,168
the more people the dirty the rain this
is becoming a huge concern for people in
325
00:23:58,169 --> 00:23:58,840
the West
326
00:23:58,840 --> 00:24:03,830
who want their water to be pure and safe
they're reliable drinking water is
327
00:24:03,830 --> 00:24:04,970
important everywhere
328
00:24:04,970 --> 00:24:08,690
the concern in the West is reflected in
all the government regulations and
329
00:24:08,690 --> 00:24:10,190
political campaigns
330
00:24:10,190 --> 00:24:13,309
aimed at solving this problem in
contrast
331
00:24:13,309 --> 00:24:17,59
they're not as many demands made on the
government's in Asian and African
332
00:24:17,59 --> 00:24:18,908
cultures to improve the water
333
00:24:18,909 --> 00:24:22,480
as their focus is on other issues now
334
00:24:22,480 --> 00:24:26,730
whatever the source of water we can
never afford to forget that all water is
335
00:24:26,730 --> 00:24:29,110
highly vulnerable to contamination
336
00:24:29,110 --> 00:24:33,840
whether we getting it from the ground
from bodies of water all rainfall
337
00:24:33,840 --> 00:24:37,590
it is susceptible to a variety of toxins
in fact
338
00:24:37,590 --> 00:24:42,000
that's why we clean it before using it
water carries with it
339
00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:46,590
filth and dirt this problem shows up in
a number of different ways
340
00:24:46,590 --> 00:24:50,620
as humans and all other animals need
water to survive
341
00:24:50,620 --> 00:24:55,110
it's no surprise to us the one of the
most important domestic uses a water is
342
00:24:55,110 --> 00:24:55,949
for drinking
343
00:24:55,950 --> 00:25:00,919
yet if you have old fashion lead pipes
you may slowly be poisoning yourself by
344
00:25:00,919 --> 00:25:02,980
drinking that nice Clearwater
345
00:25:02,980 --> 00:25:07,580
the industrial pollution farm chemicals
and leaky landfills
346
00:25:07,580 --> 00:25:14,580
a well known sources of contaminants as
well
347
00:25:15,390 --> 00:25:17,270
so what is being done to ensure
348
00:25:17,270 --> 00:25:20,770
we Australians a safe and steady supply
of drinking water
349
00:25:20,770 --> 00:25:24,980
there are a lot have initiatives the
make admirable efforts to remedy this
350
00:25:24,980 --> 00:25:25,550
issue
351
00:25:25,550 --> 00:25:28,919
we'll be talking about this when we meet
again on Thursday
352
00:25:28,920 --> 00:25:33,570
but as a preview I can tell you that so
far the amount of real solutions that
353
00:25:33,570 --> 00:25:34,610
have been produced
354
00:25:34,610 --> 00:25:39,459
is not nearly adequate tradition me
we've been very free in this country
355
00:25:39,460 --> 00:25:43,680
that means that every person in every
province tend to go its own way
356
00:25:43,680 --> 00:25:47,190
so the mechanisms for water management
are in a word
357
00:25:47,190 --> 00:25:50,670
insufficient to begin seeing how this is
so
358
00:25:50,670 --> 00:25:55,610
I want you to read something before our
next class the Los a previous date on
359
00:25:55,610 --> 00:25:58,419
water usage in water management are
inconclusive
360
00:25:58,420 --> 00:26:02,280
and have thus caused quite a concern we
can learn a lot from the contents have
361
00:26:02,280 --> 00:26:02,930
reports
362
00:26:02,930 --> 00:26:07,20
written on the subject the basis for the
government's water policy
363
00:26:07,20 --> 00:26:10,830
is the 1989 white paper reporting on
water use
364
00:26:10,830 --> 00:26:15,20
present and future if you compare the
numbers of it in the paper with those in
365
00:26:15,20 --> 00:26:15,720
the text
366
00:26:15,720 --> 00:26:20,360
you'll find that the report his brother
untrustworthy truth being told
367
00:26:20,360 --> 00:26:26,129
I'm being too kind when I say that
368
00:26:26,130 --> 00:26:33,130
that is the end of Section 4 you now
have hoffa minutes to check your answers
369
00:27:00,299 --> 00:27:04,139
that is the end of the listening test in
the aisles test
370
00:27:04,140 --> 00:27:08,500
you will now have 10 minutes to transfer
your answers to answer sheet
Luyện nghe IELTS Listening Test 5 (with key)
Views:
0 comments:
Post a Comment